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ADHD Stimulant Medication

Stimulant medication is the initial line treatment for ADHD. They have a long record of a robust response, high tolerance and safety throughout the entire lifespan.

It's important to find the dosage and medication that eases your child's or your own symptoms without causing side negative effects. This often takes many trials and trial and open dialog with your doctor.

Stimulants

Stimulants are drugs which increase the activity of the central nervous system. Students workers, athletes, artists and others take them to enhance their cognitive and performance. They also serve to treat attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), narcolepsy, binge eating disorder, as well as other anxiety disorders. The most popular stimulant drugs are methylphenidates and amphetamines.

FDA-approved prescription stimulants are available in extended-release and immediate-release formulas. The immediate-release medications are typically taken every 4 hours. They can trigger an abrupt, short-term drop in energy called a crash after they have worn off. The crash may cause extreme hunger, mood swings and fatigue. Instant-release medication can also increase blood pressure and heartbeat in certain people. This is especially the case when they do not eat enough.

Extended-release medications are designed to release active ingredients over a period of 8-16 hours. This type of medication can be prescribed by your doctor in case you're seeking long-lasting symptoms control without taking tablets several times per day. Methylphenidate products in the extended-release category include Ritalin, Concerta, and Focalin. Daytrana is a long-acting methylphenidate product that sticks to your skin like a bandage, and lasts the entire day. This kind of medication is often given to people with ADHD who need daily doses that last longer than the immediate-release options.

Stimulant medication doesn't cure ADHD however they can assist in managing symptoms by enhancing the way that neurons in the brain communicate with one and each. They accomplish this by altering the levels of neurotransmitters in the brain, including dopamine and norepinephrine. This is done by blocking or binding to their receptors. This permits the release of more neurotransmitters, which improves the transmission and reception of messages between neurons.

Doctors sometimes prescribe antidepressants in addition to stimulants to treat ADHD. The majority of antidepressants prescribed by doctors for ADHD are based on the norepinephrine and dopamine levels in your brain. One class, referred to as selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors is a great option for people suffering from depression or anxiety. These drugs are typically combined with stimulants to boost their effectiveness. Other reasons your doctor might switch you between stimulant and non-stimulant medication is if the previous medication isn't working, or produces unacceptably adverse side effects.

Long-acting

Stimulants aid in the treatment of 70% to 80 percent of adults and children with ADHD. They reduce symptoms like the tendency to fidget and talk over others. They also enhance the quality of work and social abilities.

Stimulant medications begin to work once they cross the blood-brain barrier, which takes about 45 to 60 minutes. They boost dopamine and norepinephrine levels between brain cells, which reduces the impulsivity and hyperactivity. FDA-approved stimulant medication uses one of two molecules, methylphenidate, (Adderall Ritalin Vyvanse Concerta) or amphetamine (Ritalin Adderall XR Vyvanse Vyvanse). Stimulants may cause side effects such as nausea, loss of appetite and increased blood pressure. They can also trigger headaches and anxiety. They can also cause tics to become worse and cause sleep problems for some people.

Long-acting stimulants (such as Strattera and Wellbutrin) can be used throughout the night and day unlike medications which last only several hours. They can also help with other disorders like depression or anxiety.

The medications affect the way your body regulates chemicals known as monoamine oxidases. Monoamine oxidases break down dopamine within the brain and other neurotransmitters. These chemicals stay in the body for longer if not broken down. This can affect your behavior and even your thinking. Long-acting medication can have fewer negative effects. Your doctor will prescribe it in smaller doses, which you can take throughout the day.

Some stimulants are available in extended-release versions that you can take daily. Adults may find this more convenient, but you should still keep in mind to take your stimulants each day.

Other medications have been shown to be effective for many adults with ADHD which includes selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs). SSRIs are generally prescribed to treat anxiety or depression but can be prescribed for ADHD. About 70% of people react to these medications. Bupropion (Wellbutrin) is a different SSRI that has been approved for ADHD and has been proven to be more efficient than placebos in a controlled study. These medications can trigger serious adverse effects, including ringing of the ears anxiety, and changes in heart and lung function.

Short-acting

Stimulant medication helps reduce ADHD symptoms by increasing dopamine and norepinephrine levels in the brain. These two chemicals help people control their behavior and focus. They are available in many forms, and each comes with their own brand name such as Adderall, Vyvanse, Ritalin and Concerta. There are two main types of stimulant drugs that are methylphenidates (such as methylphenidate) and amphetamines (such as dextroamphetamine). All have similar effects, however they differ in the duration of their effect. The methylphenidates are less effective that can last for up to three hours, while the amphetamines are more long-lasting.

Some people can tolerate stimulant medication better than others, which is why your doctor may prescribe them. It is crucial to know all you can about the medication, including possible side effects, how often it should be taken and any special warnings that should be heeded. This will help you and your doctor determine the best medication for you.

You should also understand that these medications can have a few negative side effects, including trouble getting to sleep or losing appetite. Talk to your doctor if you experience these adverse effects. You may need to adjust the dosage or try a different drug.

Adults with ADHD who don't respond well to stimulants may be treated with non-stimulant medicines, which take longer to begin working but increase the capacity of an individual to pay attention and manage impulses. These medications can be prescribed in combination or as a single dose.

The first of these is atomoxetine (brand names Strattera and Qelbree) It increases norepinephrine as well as dopamine levels in the prefrontal cortex which regulates the behavior. Another is the guanfacine (brand name Intuniv) is a member to a class of drugs known as alpha agonists. They block the reuptake of these brain chemicals and increasing their levels in the bloodstream. Guanfacine was originally designed to treat high blood pressure, has been proved to be effective in treating adhd no medication.

Combinations

There are many combinations of drugs used by those with ADHD. These include stimulants and depressant drugs such as Guanfacine or Clonidine. These drugs can have a calming effect on the brain, and can decrease symptoms such as sleeplessness and aggressive behavior. They also help prevent the onset of withdrawal from stimulants. This combination could be risky but only should it not be used properly. Serotonin Syndrome is a medical emergency which occurs when there is too much serotonin in the body. This combination can also increase the blood pressure and heart rate. The risks of using this medication are more pronounced for those who have pre-existing conditions like high blood pressure or heart disease.

Teenagers and young adults are increasingly using stimulant combinations. These are commonly described as "legal highs" and are available at pharmacies. They are also sold on the black market. These substances can be hazardous especially when mixed with alcohol or other drugs. Polydrug use can be dangerous. Mixing drugs can cause unpredictability and negative effects. They include an increase in heart rate, slowed breathing, hallucinations and paranoia.

Combination therapy is more effective than monopharmacotherapy when it comes to treating ADHD according to a study. Combined medication improved compliance and allowed patients to experience greater relief from symptoms than monotherapy. However, many patients stopped their treatment because of side effects. In some cases it was reported that the medication was withdrawn due to sleep issues or worsening tics. This could be due to a poor diagnosis or lack of medication.

Nonstimulants are also used to treat ADHD. These medications improve the ability to focus and control impulses, but they don't work like stimulants do. They are also less likely to inhibit growth and reduce appetite. Certain antidepressants may also be prescribed for ADHD. However they have a less chance of improving focus and concentration.

Several studies have shown that atomoxetine and methylphenidate (Concerta) can be combined to produce superior results than either on its own. Combining the two drugs was shown to increase adherence and reduce the risk of adverse reactions in a majority of people. The combination proved effective for young adults and adolescents. This combination may be a viable treatment for children suffering from severe ADHD.