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This can involve hiding their target balls behind other balls or placing them in tricky positions where they have limited options for pocketing them. Safety shots are designed to leave your opponent with difficult or unfavorable positions on the table, limiting their options and increasing your chances of victory. While there is no standard or regulation size for a billiards table, the most popular dimensions for a table measure 4 feet by 8 feet. What Is the Average Size of a Billiard Table? For example, an object the size of Mars hit Earth once in the dim and distant past. Each of these sports focuses on the idea of hitting small balls with the end of a narrow stick called a cue with the object being to accrue more points than the opponent. When attempting a combo shot, carefully assess the positioning and alignment of both balls involved in the combination. To execute a carom shot successfully, start by analyzing the positioning of all relevant balls on the table.

Now we want to predict where the balls go, and we’ll say that the prediction fails when a ball leaves a collision 90 degrees from where we predicted - it’s obvious that after that point we can’t usefully predict anything. The objective is to pocket all your designated balls (either solids or stripes) and then sink the 8 ball to win the game. The first case is billiards, and we’ll consider a completely idealised billiard table: completely smooth, flat and rigid, completely round balls with completely known properties (so how elastic they are etc), and the same for the cushions. Now we want to predict this system forwards and we’ll use the same criterion for failure: when some particle leaves a collision 90 degrees out from where we predict. Plan it right, and you can couple it together with the Earth with gravity alone, using the solar wind to balance out the Earth's gravitational attraction. You can download the full game (14 megabytes), or else just look at the Read Me, what is billiards which contains some interesting gameplay philosophy from the playtesters. You can download the prototype (300k), or just read the Instructions and overall description of the game.

Moving the Sun is about 6 orders of magnitude more difficult than moving the Earth but the Sun is continuously emitting energy which can be productively harnessed for this purpose. You could reuse the same asteroid again and again, looping it around a few gas giants and back to gain lots more kinetic energy from those gas giants in the same way that Earth just gained velocity from the rock. Getting everybody in the world to jump at the same time. Which means the distance the Earth moves when everybody jumps will be one trillionth of the distance that all the people jumped: that is to say, 10-11 metres, or about half the radius of a hydrogen atom. It gets better. Even assuming the Earth did move by some significant distance when everybody jumped, just think about it: it'd move right back again! And this time we also know everything about the rest of the universe as well: we don’t need to predict it forward, we’re just given all the data about how it evolves (in fact I think that without loss of generality we can assume an empty universe outside the box, which reduces the data volume considerably).

For both of them imagine a universe where everything is completely Newtonian, so no quantum mechanics in particular. Except that there’s an electron at the edge of the universe and we don’t know where it is (apart from how far away it is), and so again we don’t know its gravitiational field. Remember to always assess each situation carefully before deciding which shot is most appropriate-and don’t forget to have fun along the way. Solar sail method. I can't honestly add much to that article except to say that to move the Earth substantially, the sail used is going to have to be pretty big. The most obvious major drawback with this method is that right now there aren't even theories as to how you could possibly build rocket engines of the sort proposed here. Gravity assistance. This is a method originally proposed as a means of moving Earth to a higher orbit around the Sun in order to save it from the Sun's inevitable Red Giant expansion. If balanced correctly, the "hat" neither falls into the Sun nor is blown away. This can be employed to move the Sun and Earth in tandem to a place where the Earth can more easily be destroyed.